Causes of Mortality in End Stage Renal Disease Patients in a Single Haemodialysis Center

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of various causes of mortality in hemodialysis dependent patients of end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
Study Design: An observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the dialysis unit of Karachi Institute of Kidney Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan from March 2022 to September 2022.
Materials and Methods: Patients of age 30 to 70 years of either gender having end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis for at least 3 months were included in the study. All patients were follow up on every session of hemodialysis and in case of death, the cause of death was noted. All collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.
Results: The mean age was 56.3 ± 11.3 years and mean BMI was 21.6 ± 3.5 kg/m². Out of 178 patients, 55.1% had diabetic nephropathy as cause of ESDR and 28.7% had hypertension. It was found that most common cause of mortality was sepsis (63.5%), followed by acute pulmonary edema or fluid overload (22.5%). There was a significant association between the duration of hemodialysis and causes of end-stage renal disease with all
causes of mortality (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Sepsis is the leading cause of mortality in haemodialysis patients of end-stage renal disease, and
special attention should be given to such patients of end-stage renal disease (ESRD).